1,398 research outputs found
Longitudinal detection of radiological abnormalities with time-modulated LSTM
Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have been successfully employed in
recent years for the detection of radiological abnormalities in medical images
such as plain x-rays. To date, most studies use CNNs on individual examinations
in isolation and discard previously available clinical information. In this
study we set out to explore whether Long-Short-Term-Memory networks (LSTMs) can
be used to improve classification performance when modelling the entire
sequence of radiographs that may be available for a given patient, including
their reports. A limitation of traditional LSTMs, though, is that they
implicitly assume equally-spaced observations, whereas the radiological exams
are event-based, and therefore irregularly sampled. Using both a simulated
dataset and a large-scale chest x-ray dataset, we demonstrate that a simple
modification of the LSTM architecture, which explicitly takes into account the
time lag between consecutive observations, can boost classification
performance. Our empirical results demonstrate improved detection of commonly
reported abnormalities on chest x-rays such as cardiomegaly, consolidation,
pleural effusion and hiatus hernia.Comment: Submitted to 4th MICCAI Workshop on Deep Learning in Medical Imaging
Analysi
Controlling and Assisting Activities in Social Virtual Worlds
Since its beginning, web technology has advanced from a text-based to a visual-based
interaction. This evolution has been facilitated by both high speed internet connections and
PC's graphical power. Virtual world (VW) technology began as standalone applications
(e.g.. virtual simulations) but soon evolved into web-based applications. Nowadays, home
users for entertainment and wide-spread enterprises or institutions for business can exploit
virtual worlds to develop remote activities between friends, employees, clients, teachers or
students (Sherman, 2002). Then, virtual worlds have clear applications in e-governance, elearning
and e-commerce, and therefore it is mandatory to study mechanisms ensuring the
assistance and the control of activities taking place in these applications..
Unsupervised learning as a complement to convolutional neural network classification in the analysis of saccadic eye movement in spino-cerebellar ataxia type 2
IWANN es un congreso internacional que se celebra bienalmente desde 1991. Su campo de estudio se centra en la fundamentación y aplicación de las distintas técnicas de Inteligencia Computacional : Redes Neuronales Artificiales, Algoritmos Genéticos, Lógica Borrosa, Aprendizaje Automático. En esta edición han participado 150 investigadores.This paper aims at assessing spino-cerebellar type 2 ataxiaby classifying electrooculography records into registers corresponding to healthy, presymptomatic and ill individuals. The primary used technique is the convolutional neural network applied to the time series of eye movements, called saccades. The problem is exceptionally hard, though, because the recorded saccadic movements for presymptomatic cases often do not substantially di er from those of healthy individuals. Precisely
this distinction is of the utmost clinical importance, since early intervention on presymptomatic patients can ameliorate symptoms or at least slow their progression. Yet, each register contains a number of saccades that, although not consistent with the current label, have not been considered indicative of another class by the examining physicians. As a consequence, an unsupervised learning mechanism may be more suitable to handle this form of misclassi cation. Thus, our proposal introduces the
k-means approach and the SOM method, as complementary techniques to analyse the time series. The three techniques operating in tandem lead to a well performing solution to this diagnosis problem.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional AndalucĂa Tech.
Universidad de Granada, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Springe
Fitting in a complex chi^2 landscape using an optimized hypersurface sampling
Fitting a data set with a parametrized model can be seen geometrically as
finding the global minimum of the chi^2 hypersurface, depending on a set of
parameters {P_i}. This is usually done using the Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm.
The main drawback of this algorithm is that despite of its fast convergence, it
can get stuck if the parameters are not initialized close to the final
solution. We propose a modification of the Metropolis algorithm introducing a
parameter step tuning that optimizes the sampling of parameter space. The
ability of the parameter tuning algorithm together with simulated annealing to
find the global chi^2 hypersurface minimum, jumping across chi^2{P_i} barriers
when necessary, is demonstrated with synthetic functions and with real data
Maquinà ria amb nom de dona. Estudi i documentació en perspectiva de gènere del fons industrial del Museu del Calçat i de la Pell
[cat]El Museu del Calçat i de la Pell compta amb un fons singular, entenent-se com l’única instituciĂł museĂstica dedicada, en la seva totalitat, al patrimoni i la memòria industrial de les Illes Balears. No obstant això, en la discursiva general, manca una anĂ lisi detallada del paper que va tenir la dona obrera dins la indĂşstria. A Mallorca, la història industrial des d’una perspectiva de gènere compta amb alguns estudis molt valuosos que permeten aproximar-se a la globalitat del fenomen. És grĂ cies a aquests que s’evidencia una manca d’investigaciĂł en la temĂ tica industrial des d’una perspectiva de gènere, i encara mĂ©s quan es plasma al camp de l’estudi dels bĂ©ns patrimonials conservats. En aquest sentit, l’article proposa visibilitzar i posar en valor el rol de la dona dins la indĂşstria del calçat a Mallorca a travĂ©s de l’estudi i la documentaciĂł dels bĂ©ns mobles conservats al Museu del Calçat i de la Pell.[eng]The Footwear and Leather Museum has a unique collection. It is understood as the only institution which is entirely dedicated to the industrial heritage of the Balearic Islands. However, there isn’t a detailed analysis of the women workers role’s in the industry. Mallorca has some very valuable studies about industrial history from a gender perspective that allows to approach the whole phenomenon. However, there is a lack of research in the industrial subject from a gender perspective, and even more, when it is reflected in the heritage studies. In this way, the article proposes to make visible and emphasize the women role in the footwear mallorcan industry, through the study and documentation of the moveable cultural heritage preserved at the Footwear and Leather Museum
Synthesis of Positron Emission Tomography (PET) Images via Multi-channel Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs)
Positron emission tomography (PET) image synthesis plays an important role,
which can be used to boost the training data for computer aided diagnosis
systems. However, existing image synthesis methods have problems in
synthesizing the low resolution PET images. To address these limitations, we
propose multi-channel generative adversarial networks (M-GAN) based PET image
synthesis method. Different to the existing methods which rely on using
low-level features, the proposed M-GAN is capable to represent the features in
a high-level of semantic based on the adversarial learning concept. In
addition, M-GAN enables to take the input from the annotation (label) to
synthesize the high uptake regions e.g., tumors and from the computed
tomography (CT) images to constrain the appearance consistency and output the
synthetic PET images directly. Our results on 50 lung cancer PET-CT studies
indicate that our method was much closer to the real PET images when compared
with the existing methods.Comment: 9 pages, 2 figure
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